Description: Caption reads: "West entrance to Statehouse." This photograph shows the Doric columns that surround the Ohio Statehouse and the Doughboy Ohio World War Memorial statue. The Doughboy Ohio World War Memorial stands at the west entrance of the Ohio Statehouse, on Capitol Square. Erected in 1930, the statue was the work of Arthur Ivone, and stands as a tribute to those from Ohio who participated in World War I. Several possible explanations exist as to the origin of the nickname; the obvious being related to doughnuts, the other being the soldiers’ dumpling shaped buttons. The West entry into the Statehouse is symbolically guarded by two of these statues honoring Ohioans who served their country in two defining conflicts at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th. The inscription on the base at the front reads: “To Justice in War And Lasting Peace After Victory. 1917 – 1918. Dedicated June 23, 1928”, which was a reference to former President Woodrow Wilson’s “Peace Without Victory” argument to keep American out of the war. The Ohio State Capitol, located at 1 Capitol Square, is a 2 acre building which stands in a 10-acre park bounded by High, Broad, State, and Third Streets, in downtown Columbus. Also known as the Ohio Statehouse, Columbus residents would often take advantage of the wide green lawns by allowing their cows and horses to graze there during the night. Legislative action ended the use of the building for a stable in 1878, but newspaper reports show that they remained through the 1880's. The beauty of the massive limestone structure depends principally upon simplicity and strength, emphasized by a row of Doric columns at each of its four entrances. The dome is the result of a compromise. The original design called for a dome surrounded by a colonnade that would harmonize with the general architecture, but the plan never was carried out because of bickering by legislators over cost and details of construction. The cornerstone was laid in 1839, and although the building was occupied by some State departments in 1857, it was not completed until 1861, 22 years after it was begun. When Henry Walter of Cincinnati was appointed supervising architect in 1839, numerous plans for the building were considered and the one finally adopted was a composite. Both convict and private labor were used, and limestone was hauled from a quarry northwest of Columbus, purchased by the State to ensure enough material, on a railroad especially constructed for that purpose. Delays in securing State appropriations, a severe cholera epidemic, and labor difficulties retarded construction work, which at one time ceased for six years. Before the building was completed, five architects had served during the administrations of 12 governors. It is considered one of the country’s outstanding examples of the Greek Revival style and at the time, it was the second largest building, behind only the United States Capitol building. The total cost of the capitol approximated $1,650,000. An annex, directly east of the capitol and connected with it by a stone terrace, was completed in 1901 at a cost of $450,000. The capitol proper is 504 feet long and 184 feet wide, with 12 – 15 inches thick foundation walls. The annex, 220 feet long and 100 feet wide, conforms architecturally with the main building. A flight of 12 steps from each of the four entrances to the capitol leads to a central rotunda. Offices of the governor and other State officials flank the four marble-floored foyers. Elaborately carved woods, marbles from many lands, and paintings and sculpture by noted American artists adorn the interior. In the center of the inlaid marble floor of the rotunda are 13 blocks, each representing one of the thirteen original States, surrounded by three circles and a sunburst of 32 points, one for each State at the time the marble was laid. One circle represents the unorganized territory at the time the Union was formed; another, the Louisiana Purchase; and the third, the territory acquired in the war with Mexico. A fourth circle, enclosing the sunburst, symbolizes the Constitution. Battle flags of Ohio – many of them shell-torn and bearing other service scars – are displayed in cabinets. Large historical murals by William Mark Young adorn the rotunda and the walls flanking the four main stairways. The rich decorations ascending the dome culminate in an illuminated reproduction, in art glass, of the Great Seal of Ohio. Tablets at the entrances to the rotunda pay tribute to Andrews’ Raiders of the Civil War; to Major General Benson Hough, Ohio soldier and jurist; to soldiers and sailors of the Civil War; and to 51 women leaders in the feminist movement, including several Ohioans. Other tablets commemorate the sesquicentennial (1937) of the Northwest Territory and the founding of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States (1899) in Columbus. Stairways lead from the floor of the rotunda to the Hall of Representatives and the Senate Chamber. At the head of the stairway on the north side stands the Lincoln Memorial, a bust of Lincoln executed by T.D. Jones. Directly to the east is a wall panel showing in relief a group of Union and Confederate officers who participated in the battle of Vicksburg. Outstanding among the capitol’s works of art is a large painting in the east foyer, Battle of Lake Erie, by William H. Powell. A copy of this paining is displayed in the nation’s Capitol. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F04B_007_1
Subjects: Capitol buildings; Memorials--Ohio; War memorials Ohio; Capitol Square District (Columbus, Ohio); Governors--Ohio; Ohio. House of Representatives; Ohio. Senate; Walter, Henry
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the Doric columns that surround the Ohio Statehouse and the Doughboy Ohio World War Memorial statue. The Doughboy Ohio World War Memorial stands at the west entrance of the Ohio Statehouse, on Capitol Square. Erected in 1930, the statue was the work of Arthur Ivone, and stands as a tribute to those from Ohio who participated in World War I. The West entry into the Statehouse is symbolically guarded by two of these statues honoring Ohioans who served their country. The inscription on the base at the front reads: “To Justice in War And Lasting Peace After Victory. 1917 – 1918. Dedicated June 23, 1928”, which was a reference to former President Woodrow Wilson’s “Peace Without Victory” argument to keep American out of the war. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F04B_010_1
Subjects: Capitol buildings; Memorials--Ohio; War memorials Ohio; Capitol Square District (Columbus, Ohio); Governors--Ohio; Ohio. House of Representatives; Ohio. Senate; Walter, Henry
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the Doric columns that surround the Ohio Statehouse. The Doughboy statue can seen in the distance, at the far left. The Doughboy Ohio World War Memorial stands at the west entrance of the Ohio Statehouse, on Capitol Square. Erected in 1930, the statue was the work of Arthur Ivone, and stands as a tribute to those from Ohio who participated in World War I. Several possible explanations exist as to the origin of the nickname; the obvious being related to doughnuts, the other being the soldiers’ dumpling shaped buttons. The West entry into the Statehouse is symbolically guarded by two of these statues honoring Ohioans who served their country. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F04B_009_1
Subjects: Capitol buildings; Memorials--Ohio; War memorials Ohio; Capitol Square District (Columbus, Ohio); Governors--Ohio; Ohio. House of Representatives; Ohio. Senate; Walter, Henry
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows the Doric columns that surround the Ohio Statehouse. The Doughboy statue can seen in the distance, at the far left. The Doughboy Ohio World War Memorial stands at the west entrance of the Ohio Statehouse, on Capitol Square. Erected in 1930, the statue was the work of Arthur Ivone, and stands as a tribute to those from Ohio who participated in World War I. Several possible explanations exist as to the origin of the nickname; the obvious being related to doughnuts, the other being the soldiers’ dumpling shaped buttons. The West entry into the Statehouse is symbolically guarded by two of these statues honoring Ohioans who served their country. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F04B_013_1
Subjects: Capitol buildings; Memorials--Ohio; War memorials Ohio; Capitol Square District (Columbus, Ohio); Governors--Ohio; Ohio. House of Representatives; Ohio. Senate; Walter, Henry
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: The ‘My Jewels Monument’, sometimes called ‘These Are My Jewels Statue, and located on the Northwest corner of Capitol Square, is a group of bronze statues on a granite pedestal. Created by Levi T. Scofield (a Union officer who had previously created the epic Sailors and Soldiers Monument in Cleveland), the monument was exhibited by the State of Ohio at the World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, and then placed on its present site. Figures of Ulysses S. Grant, William T. Sherman, Philip H. Sheridan, Edwin M. Stanton, James A. Garfield, Salmon P. Chase, and Rutherford B. Hayes, Ohio soldiers and statesmen, surround a shaft topped by a statue of Cornelia, the Roman matron. Her words, ‘These Are My Jewels,’ stand out in relief at the top of the shaft. Taken from an anecdote from Roman history about Cornelia, a wealthy and respected Roman woman who considered her sons, Gaius and Tiberius, her jewels. The statue is meant to personify the state of Ohio by having Cornelia presenting to the nation in time of crisis the state's best and brightest sons to be used in the service of the war effort. General Roeliff Brinkerhoff had the idea of the statue because he believed that that Ohio's most distinguished contribution to the nation was from its men. Brinkerhoff once served as the president of the Ohio Archeological and Historical Society, forerunner of today's Ohio Historical Society. The Ohio State Capitol, located at 1 Capitol Square, is a 2 acre building which stands in a 10-acre park bounded by High, Broad, State, and Third Streets, in downtown Columbus. Also known as the Ohio Statehouse, Columbus residents would often take advantage of the wide green lawns by allowing their cows and horses to graze there during the night. Legislative action ended the use of the building for a stable in 1878, but newspaper reports show that they remained through the 1880's. The beauty of the massive limestone structure depends principally upon simplicity and strength, emphasized by a row of Doric columns at each of its four entrances. The dome is the result of a compromise. The original design called for a dome surrounded by a colonnade that would harmonize with the general architecture, but the plan never was carried out because of bickering by legislators over cost and details of construction. The cornerstone was laid in 1839, and although the building was occupied by some State departments in 1857, it was not completed until 1861, 22 years after it was begun. When Henry Walter of Cincinnati was appointed supervising architect in 1839, numerous plans for the building were considered and the one finally adopted was a composite. Both convict and private labor were used, and limestone was hauled from a quarry northwest of Columbus, purchased by the State to ensure enough material, on a railroad especially constructed for that purpose. Delays in securing State appropriations, a severe cholera epidemic, and labor difficulties retarded construction work, which at one time ceased for six years. Before the building was completed, five architects had served during the administrations of 12 governors. It is considered one of the country’s outstanding examples of the Greek Revival style and at the time, it was the second largest building, behind only the United States Capitol building. The total cost of the capitol approximated $1,650,000. An annex, directly east of the capitol and connected with it by a stone terrace, was completed in 1901 at a cost of $450,000. The capitol proper is 504 feet long and 184 feet wide, with 12 – 15 inches thick foundation walls. The annex, 220 feet long and 100 feet wide, conforms architecturally with the main building. A flight of 12 steps from each of the four entrances to the capitol leads to a central rotunda. Offices of the governor and other State officials flank the four marble-floored foyers. Elaborately carved woods, marbles from many lands, and paintings and sculpture by noted American artists adorn the interior. In the center of the inlaid marble floor of the rotunda are 13 blocks, each representing one of the thirteen original States, surrounded by three circles and a sunburst of 32 points, one for each State at the time the marble was laid. One circle represents the unorganized territory at the time the Union was formed; another, the Louisiana Purchase; and the third, the territory acquired in the war with Mexico. A fourth circle, enclosing the sunburst, symbolizes the Constitution. Battle flags of Ohio – many of them shell-torn and bearing other service scars – are displayed in cabinets. Large historical murals by William Mark Young adorn the rotunda and the walls flanking the four main stairways. The rich decorations ascending the dome culminate in an illuminated reproduction, in art glass, of the Great Seal of Ohio. Tablets at the entrances to the rotunda pay tribute to Andrews’ Raiders of the Civil War; to Major General Benson Hough, Ohio soldier and jurist; to soldiers and sailors of the Civil War; and to 51 women leaders in the feminist movement, including several Ohioans. Other tablets commemorate the sesquicentennial (1937) of the Northwest Territory and the founding of the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States (1899) in Columbus. Stairways lead from the floor of the rotunda to the Hall of Representatives and the Senate Chamber. At the head of the stairway on the north side stands the Lincoln Memorial, a bust of Lincoln executed by T.D. Jones. Directly to the east is a wall panel showing in relief a group of Union and Confederate officers who participated in the battle of Vicksburg. Outstanding among the capitol’s works of art is a large painting in the east foyer, Battle of Lake Erie, by William H. Powell. A copy of this paining is displayed in the nation’s Capitol. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B05F04B_016_1
Subjects: Capitol buildings; Memorials--Ohio; War memorials Ohio; Capitol Square District (Columbus, Ohio); Governors--Ohio; Ohio. House of Representatives; Ohio. Senate; Walter, Henry
Places: Columbus (Ohio); Franklin County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads "The Grant Memorial Bridge, dedicated by President Harding in 1926, carries U.S. Route #52 over Big Indian Creek, at Point Pleasant, Ohio. Four Civil War howitzers, mounted on pillars, mark approaches to the bridge and a plaque on the west end reproduces Grant's likeness; while a similar one on the east has a memorial inscription." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B01F18_020_001
Subjects: War memorials Ohio; Bridges Ohio; Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson); Memorials--Ohio; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Point Pleasant (Ohio); Clermont County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads "The Grant Memorial Bridge, dedicated by President Coolidge in 1926, carries U.S. Route #52 over Big Indian Creek, at Point Pleasant, Ohio. Four Civil War howitzers, mounted on pillars, mark approaches to the bridge and a plaque on the west and reproduces Grant's likeness; while a similar one on the east has a memorial inscription." This bridge was built in 1927 and replaced in 1985. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B01F18_006_001
Subjects: War memorials Ohio; Bridges Ohio; Grant, Ulysses S. (Ulysses Simpson); Memorials--Ohio; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Point Pleasant (Ohio); Clermont County (Ohio)
 

Description: Photograph showing the Philip Sheridan Memorial in Somerset, Ohio. Sheridan (1831-1888) originally came from the state of New York, but his family soon after moved to Ohio. In 1848 he enrolled at West Point and finished by 1853. His career would take him throughout much of the U.S. and earn him promotion to captain before the start of the American Civil War. When the war came, Sheridan fought for the Union against the Confederacy. By 1862, he attained the rank of Colonel, and later that year, Brigadier General. Sheridan truly rose to prominence in 1864 as as head of the cavalry for the Army of the Potomac. He gained great notoriety for his actions at Cedar Creek, where he was credited with winning what was considered a losing battle. Sheridan continued to serve his country after the war ended, and he was promoted to the top position in the U.S. Army. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL06671
Subjects: Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-1888; Civil War: Monuments & memorials; Perry County (Ohio); War memorials--Ohio
Places: Somerset (Ohio); Perry County (Ohio)
 

Description: Original description reads: "Battery F. Memorial. Eden Park. Cin. O." The Battery F, 136th Field Artillery Memorial was presented in 1925 by the mothers of the 324 officers and men of this unit, which distinguished itself in World War I. The memorial is mainly of native rocks, with flagstone platform and limestone seat. The centerpiece (pictured here) is an artistic bronze panel, 8 by 4 feet, listing the battle honors and names of those commemorated beneath a representation of the battery in action. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B10F04_019_001
Subjects: War memorials--Ohio; World War, 1914-1918--Monuments
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: This park sits on the corner of West Market Street and Mahoning Avenue and can be seen from the Trumbull County courthouse. It includes a reconstructed log cabin built on the site of the town’s first schoolhouse and memorials that honor the military service of local citizens. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AV101_B01F06_462
Subjects: War memorials--Ohio; Parks; Monuments--Ohio; Ohio History--Military Ohio
Places: Warren (Ohio); Trumbull County (Ohio);
 

Description: Original description reads: "Reminder of old wars. The square in Cleveland from Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument." The Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, located in Cleveland's public square, is the city's major Civil War memorial, dedicated on July 4, 1894 after nearly 15 years of planning. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B04F10_14_01
Subjects: Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Plazas--Ohio--Cleveland; War memorials--Ohio--Cleveland
Places: Cleveland (Ohio); Cuyahoga County (Ohio)
 

Description: Fort Amanda State Memorial is located near Wapakoneta, Ohio and the Auglaize River. The fort served as a major supply depot and hospital during the War of 1812. Although the fort was destroyed, a memorial and park mark the site. It is operated by the Ohio Historical Society. The photograph measures 8" x 10" (20.32 x 25.4 cm). The United States, angered by British attempts to impress American sailors into the British Navy and fearing the British presence in Canada, declared war on Great Britain in June of 1812. William Henry Harrison was appointed commander-in-chief of the Northwestern Army. He built Fort Meigs, named after Ohio Governor Return J. Meigs, near present-day Perrysburg. Supplying the fort was difficult, however, as artillery and food had to be carried through the Black Swamp. Nonetheless, Fort Meigs withstood several assaults by British troops. An attack on Fort Stephenson near Fremont forced Major George Croghan to defend the fort with only one cannon, nicknamed "Old Betsy." In one of the most significant battles of the war, Colonel Oliver Hazard Perry defeated the British at the Battle of Lake Erie in September 1813. The British captain Robert Barclay surrendered his entire fleet. Harrison learned that Perry had effectively cut the British supply line through Perry's message: "We have met the enemy and they are ours." The War of 1812 destroyed American Indian military power and confined them to reservations. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: Om3181_4412111_001
Subjects: Military Ohio; War of 1812; Monuments & memorials; Forts & fortifications
Places: Wapakoneta (Ohio); Auglaize County (Ohio)